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Akkadian (lišānum akkadītum, 𒀝𒂵𒌈 ak. kADû) (also Accadian, Assyro-Babylonian) is an extinct Semitic language (part of the
greater Afroasiatic language family) that was spoken in ancient Mesopotamia. The earliest attested Semitic language, it used
the cuneiform writing system, which was originally used to write ancient Sumerian, an unrelated language isolate. The name
of the language is derived from the city of Akkad, a major center of Semitic Mesopotamian civilization, during the Akkadian
Empire (ca. 2334–2154 BC), although the language predates the founding of Akkad. The mutual influence between Sumerian and
Akkadian had led scholars to describe the languages as a sprachbund. Akkadian proper names were first attested in Sumerian
texts from ca. the late 29th century BC. From the second half of the third millennium BC (ca. 2500 BC), texts fully written
in Akkadian begin to appear. Hundreds of thousands of texts and text fragments have been excavated to date; covering a vast
textual tradition of mythological narrative, legal texts, scientific works, correspondence, political and military events,
and many other examples. By the second millennium BC, two variant forms of the language were in use in Assyria and Babylonia
(known as Assyrian and Babylonian respectively). Akkadian had been for centuries the lingua franca in Mesopotamia and the
Ancient Near East. However, it began to decline around the 8th century BC, being marginalized by Aramaic during the Neo Assyrian
Empire. By the Hellenistic period, the language was largely confined to scholars and priests working in temples in Assyria
and Babylonia. The last Akkadian cuneiform document dates to the 1st century AD. A fair number of Akkadian loan words survive
in the Mesopotamian Neo Aramaic dialects spoken in and around modern Iraq by the indigenous Assyrian Christians of the region,
and the giving of Akkadian personal names, along with a number of Akkadian last names and tribal names, is still common amongst
Assyrian people. |
Names (more)[am] አካድኛ[ar] الأكادية [an] Idioma acadio [az] Akkad dili [be] акадзкая [bn] আক্কাদিয়ান [bs] akadijski [br] Akkadeg [bg] Акадски език [ca] Accadi [cs] Akkadština [cv] Аккад чĕлхи [cy] Acadeg [da] Akkadisk [de] Akkadisch [el] Ακάντιαν [en] Akkadian language [eo] Akada lingvo [et] akadi [eu] Akadiera [fa] آکدی [fi] Akkadin kieli [fr] Akkadien [fy] Akkadysk [gl] Lingua acadia [gu] અક્કાદીયાન [sh] Akadski jezik [he] אכדית [hi] अक्कादी भाषा [hr] Akadski jezik [hu] Akkád nyelv [hy] Աքքադերեն [id] Akkadia [is] Akkadíska [it] Lingua accadica [ja] アッカド語 [kn] ಅಕ್ಕಾಡಿಯನ್ [ks] اَکادِیَن [ka] აქადური ენა [ko] 아카드어 [lo] ອັກກາດຽມ [la] Lingua Accadica [lv] akadiešu [li] Akkadisch [lt] Akadų kalba [ml] അക്കാഡിയൻ [mr] अक्कादिआन [mk] Акадски јазик [mt] Akkadjen [ms] Bahasa Akkadia [nl] Akkadisch [nn] Akkadisk [nb] akkadisk [no] Akkadisk [or] ଆକାଡିଆନ୍ [pl] Język akadyjski [pt] Língua acádia [ps] اکدي ژبه [rm] accadic [ro] Limba akkadiană [ru] Аккадский язык [sk] Akkadčina [sl] akadščina [es] Idioma acadio [sr] Акадијски [sv] Akkadiska [ta] அக்காத் மொழி [te] అక్కాడియాన్ [th] ภาษาแอกแคด [tr] Akad Dili [uk] Аккадська мова [vi] Tiếng Akkadia [yo] Akkadian [zh] 阿卡德語 |
Language type : Ancient
Technical notes
This page is providing structured data for the language Akkadian. |
ISO 639 CodesISO 639-2B : akkISO 639-2T : akk ISO 639-3 : akk Linked Data URIshttp://lexvo.org/id/iso639-3/akkhttp://dbpedia.org/resource/ISO_639:akk http://id.loc.gov/vocabulary/iso639-2/akk More URIs at sameas.org SourcesAuthority documentation for ISO 639 identifier: akkFreebase ISO 639-3 : akk GeoNames.org Country Information Publications Office of the European Union Metadata Registry : Countries and Languages |